Improvement in copper-lined cylinders for hydraulic presses



C. SELLERS,

Copper.ned Cyiindefs for Hydrauiic-Presses.

N0. 127,191. 1 Patented Maly 28,1872.

UNITED STATES COLEMAN SELLERS, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORTO WILLIAM SELLERS 83 OO., OF SAME PLAGE.

IMPROVEMENT lN COPPER-UNED CYLINDERS FOR HYDRAULIC PRESSES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 127,191, dated May 28,1872.

To all whom 'it may concern.:

Be it known that I, COLEMAN SELLERS, of the city and county ofPhiladelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Cylinders for Hydraulic Presses, of whichimprovements the following is a specification:

It is the object of my invention to increase the strength and durabilityof hydraulic cylinders, and, at the same time, to simplify theirconstruction.

Cast-iron cylinders for hydraulic presses are liable to burst, becausethel uid nds its way into porous parts of the casting, and thus .notonly enlarges the area subjected to pressure but subjects the porousparts to a pressure beyond their strength. To obviate this liabilitysuch cylinders have been lined with sheet metals of great tenacity andof a density more uniform than that of castiron, such as brass orcopper. This lining formed a continuous metal casing over the entireareaof the cylinder subjected to pressure and was, necessarily, fittedto the back end of the cylinder. As the back end of the cylinder wasclosed the difliculty of fitting the lining is obvious. My inventionconsists in combining with a sheetmetal cylindrical lining, open at bothends, and a cylinder, also open at both ends, a packed plug, closing theback end of the lined cylinder; and my invention further consists inmaking the opening in the back end of the cylinder smaller than the boreof the lined cylinder, and inserting in this opening a plug packed inthe same manner as the ram and having an opening through it for thepassage of the iiuid, so that not only may the plug be inserted from theinside of the cylinder, but when inserted it is rendered self-packin gand selfiretaining.

My invention is illustrated in and will be readily understood uponreferenceto the accompanying drawing, in which- Figure 1 represents, insedtion, a hydraulicpress cylinder and ram of my improved construction;and Fig. 2, an end view of the cylinder, the ram being removed.

In this instance, a cast-iron cylinder, A, is shown with an opening atthe back end of less diameter than the bore, so as to form shoulders b,upon and against which thme packed plug D rests, as hereinafterdescribed. A ram, C,

works in the cylinder in the usual way. A lining cylinder, E, of sheetmetal, open at both ends, its the bore of the cylinder snugly, but doesnot extend quite to 'the back end of the cylinder. The plug D closes theback end of the cylinder. Cupped leather packing-rings g g are securedupon the front end of the plug by screws h h passing through a metalring, F', thus tightly packing the back end of the lined cylinder. Theram is packed in a similar way. The lining cylinder E, obviously, needonly extend far enough into the cylinder A to be covered by thepacking-rings g g'.

The fluid passes through a suitable pipeconnection, with an opening inthe plug D, and presses equally in leyery direction within the chamberJ, the packing preventing any leakage. The shoulders b prevent the plugfrom being forced out backward, and the lining E prevents any access ofthe fluid into the castiron body of the cylinder, and the ram, being theonly movable part, is forced forward by the fluid, as in ordinarypresses.

Y vThe plug D besides providing the convenient and effective meanshereinbefore described for closing t-he inner end of the cylindricallining, permits the easy attachment of the pipe-con* neet-ion atthe endof the cylinder for the pas-V sage of the fluid without piercing thelining, as would be necessaryl if the lining covered the back end ofthecylinder, and, consequently, without the use of joints liable to admituid between the lining and the cast-iron body of the cylinder. By thismode of closing theV bottom of the cylinder important practicaladvantages are also attained in the casting and boring out of the latterthe large opening in the bottom of the cylinder (afterward illed by thereduced part of the plug D) allows the sand core to be held securely inboth ends of Vthe mold, permitting the free escape of air and gasesduring the process of casting, as Well as subsequently admitting adirect current of cold air or water through the core to insure uniformcooling and contraction of the metal. The boring-bar also can passentirely through the cylinder. Cast with this opening, and supporting itat both ends, the operation of boring is greatly simplified as comparedwith this oper ation when the cylinder is cast with one end closed.

It is evident that the described manner of PATENT OFFICE. N

securing the plug D in the cylinder to resist the pressure of the fluidmay be modified in various Ways Without departing from the principle ofmy invention. For instance, the bore of the cylinder A may be of uniformdiameter throughout, and the plug D may be inserted to a required depthand secured to the cylinders A E from the outside by strong bolts or byother equivalent means; or, the plug may be secured bodily into aconforming screwthread in the end of the cylinder A.

I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent u 1. Thecombination of the open-ended iron cylinder, the open-ended lining`cylinder, and

the packed plug, all these members being con? structed to operate incombination, as described.

2. The combination, with the open-end lined cylinder and the shouldersb, of the perforated packed plug, constructed as described, for thepurposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto sub.

scribed my name.

COLEMAN SELLERS. Witnesses: i THEonoRE BERGNER, DAVID L. LUKnNs,

